At first glance, buying paint might seem as simple as picking a colour and getting stuck in. But when you dig a little deeper, you’ll discover that the real magic of a quality finish lies in understanding what’s inside the container. Universal Paints, proudly manufactured locally for South African conditions, focuses on delivering high-quality coatings — and to choose the right product, it helps to know what the terms on the label and technical data sheets really mean.
Let’s break it down so your next project is not just good, but exceptional.
VOCs: Volatile Organic Compounds
You may have noticed the term VOC on paint tins or data sheets. VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds) are chemicals that evaporate into the air as paint dries. High VOC levels contribute to indoor air pollution, odours and can be harmful to health and the environment.
At Universal Paints, we are conscious of producing paints with low VOCs where possible, especially in our water-based and pure acrylic products. Low-VOC paints are ideal for interior spaces as they produce less odour, are safer for families, and are kinder to the planet.
Tip: When painting indoors, look for products with low VOC levels — they’re better for both people and the environment.
Hi-Hiding: The Power to Cover
Hi-hiding refers to a paint’s ability to cover up what’s underneath — be it a bold previous colour or unsightly marks — with fewer coats. Universal Paints’ products are designed with superior pigment loads and advanced formulation to provide excellent hiding power. This means less time and fewer litres to achieve the result you want.
Tip: When covering dark colours or patchy surfaces, opt for a hi-hiding paint to save effort and cost.
Type of Base: What’s in the Paint?
The type of base or binder in paint defines how it performs. At Universal Paints, we carefully select bases to suit specific applications:
- Pure acrylic / emulsion (water-based): These paints are highly flexible, resistant to cracking, and excellent for both interior and exterior use. They handle harsh weather conditions and provide long-term durability.
- Vinyl acrylic: A more affordable option, suitable for areas with lower wear-and-tear requirements, but less durable than pure acrylic.
- Alkyd (oil-based): Provides a tough, hard finish, often used on trim, doors and metal where a durable sheen is desired.
- Specialised polyurethane (PU): These are used for surfaces needing extra toughness and chemical resistance — think factory floors or workshops.
Tip: Match your paint base to the surface and demands of the project. Our team at Universal Paints outlets can guide you to the best choice.
Spread Rate: How Far Will It Go?
Spread rate tells you how many square meters a litre of paint will cover. This is usually shown as a theoretical figure — for example, 10 to 12 m² per litre — assuming smooth, properly primed surfaces. However, real-life factors like roughness, absorption and your method of application will reduce this.
Tip: Always buy a little extra paint to account for surface variations, or better yet, use the Universal Paints online paint calculator to get a tailored estimate.
WFT and DFT: Getting the Film Thickness Right
When professionals talk about WFT (Wet Film Thickness) and DFT (Dry Film Thickness), they’re discussing how thick the layer of paint is — wet and then once dry.
- WFT is the thickness as applied, before the water or solvent evaporates.
- DFT is what’s left once it’s dried and cured.
Why does this matter? Because film thickness affects protection, durability and coverage. Universal Paints provides clear guidance on recommended WFT and DFT for each product to help ensure the best results — whether you’re painting a wall or coating a metal gate.
Tip: Applying paint too thinly may lead to poor coverage or early failure. Too thick, and you could risk runs or cracking. Follow the specs!
Cure Time vs Recoating Time: Patience Pays Off
- Recoating time is how long you should wait between applying coats. Rushing this step can cause poor adhesion or streaking.
- Cure time refers to the period needed for the paint to fully harden and reach its maximum durability. This can be anywhere from a few days to a few weeks, depending on the type of paint and conditions.
Universal Paints products are designed for reliable drying and curing in South African weather, but humidity, cold or excessive heat can slow things down.
Tip: Always check the product data sheet or ask in-store about drying and curing times — and let the paint do its job.
A Quick Example
Let’s say you’re painting a lounge wall. Using ALLCOTE a pure acrylic emulsion, low-VOC Universal Paints product with a life expectancy of over 10 years:
- The spread rate is around 10 m² per litre on a smooth wall.
- Two coats are typically recommended for best durability and appearance.
- Recoating time is 4-6 hours.
- Full cure takes a further 4-6 hours, so avoid touching, scrubbing or heavy contact in that time.
- ALLCOTE (https://universalpaints.co.za/paint-products/exterior-paint/allcote-pure-acrylic-paint/)
Using our online calculator can help work out exactly how much paint to buy, so you don’t waste time or money. (https://universalpaints.co.za/paint-calculator/)
Final Thoughts
Choosing the right paint isn’t just about picking a colour. Understanding VOCs, hi-hiding properties, bases, spread rate, film thickness, and drying times will help you achieve a long-lasting, professional-looking result.
Be sure to check out our specifiers page for the correct primer for the surface you are painting and additional helpful information. (https://universalpaints.co.za/specifiers/)
When in doubt, visit your nearest Universal Paints Direct Outlet — our teams know the products inside out and are ready to help you choose the perfect paint for the job. And remember: with Universal Paints, you’re getting high-quality, locally manufactured products that are designed to stand up to our climate and your standards.
